EC Nutrition

The complementary weaning food blends were formulated using cereal- legume combination using yellow maize, cowpea, bam- baranut and groundnut. Yellow maize was fermented to produce “Akamu”, cowpea, bambaranut and groundnut were roasted. The weaning food blends were formulated as follows: MCBG: 60 (g) yellow maize: 20 (g) cowpea: 10 (g) bambaranut: 10 (g) groundnut, MCB; 60 (g) yellow maize: 20 (g) cowpea: 20 (g) bambaranut, MCG: 60 (g) yellow maize: 20 (g) bambaranut: 20 (g) groundnut and MBG: 60 (g) yellow maize: 20 (g) bambaranut: 20 (g) groundnut. The parameters assayed include proximate composition, mineral element, vitamin content, in vitro protein digestibility, anti-nutritional content, function properties, amino acid composition and sensory evaluation using standard laboratory methods. The yellow maize (Improved variety),cowpea, bambaranut and groundnut were obtained from Lake Chad Research Institute (LCRI) Maiduguri. The weaning food blends exhibited a low moisture content MCBG (3.37 ± 0.11%), MCB (3.38 ± 0.57%), MCG (3.43 ± 0.17%) and MBG (3.60 ± 0.20%). Protein content of MCBG (12.35 ± 0.06%) was close to the commercial weaning foods Cerelac® and Frisogold® and met the RDA of infants 0 - 1 year while the protein content of MCB (9.87 ± 0.06%), MCG (4.20 ± 0.04%) and MBG (3.61 ± 0.18%) were not comparable to commercial weaning foods Cerelac® and Frisogold® and have not met the RDA of infants 0 - 1 year, MCB was close to MCBG in the level of protein. The fat content of MCBG (9.58 ± 0.02%) met the RDA (10.25%) of infants 0 - 1 year and was comparable to the commercial weaning foods Cerelac® (10.00%) and Frisogold ® (7.30%), but that of MBG (6.80 ± 0.26%) was below the RDA and Cerelac®. MCB (2.94 ± 0.01%) and MCG (5.87 ± 0.32%) were below the RDA of infants 0 - 1 year and the commercial weaning foods Cerelac® and Frisogold® . The energy content of MCBG (403.00 ± 0.58 kcal) was comparable to the weaning foods Cerelac® (410.00 ± kcal/100g) and Frisogold® (415.00 kcal/100g) and met the RDA (400.00 kcal/100g) of infants 0 - 1 year. The levels of sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus of the weaning food blends MCBG, MCB, MCG and MBG were below the RDA of infants 0 - 1 year and were below the commercial weaning foods Cerelac ® and Frisogold® while the levels of magnesium, iron and zinc of the four weaning food blends met the RDA of infants and were comparable to the commercial weaning foods Cerelac® and Frisogold®. Increases were observed in the thiamine, Riboflavin, pyridox- ine, cobalamine of the weaning food blends MCBG, MCB, MCG and MBG met the RDA of infants 0 - 1 year while the Vitamin A and C content of the four weaning food blends were below the RDA and also below the commercial weaning foods Cerelac® and Frisogold® . Processing of the grains resulted in significant percentage reduction in phytic acid, yellow maize (74.4%) cowpea (62.5%), bambara- nut (50.2%), groundnut (70.0%) and reduction the tannin content yellow maize (60.7%), cowpea (71.2%), bambaranut (57.5%) and groundnut (69.07%) reduction in the phytic acid and tannin content improved the in vitro protein digestibility of the weaning food blends MCBG (86.30 ± 0.53), MCB (77.10 ± 0.2) MCG (73.90 ± 0.04) and MBG (70.80 ± 0.16)

keywords: Maize; Cowpea; Bambaranut; Groundnut

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