EC Nutrition

The wild food plants (WFPs) have been served as vital sources of food, nutrition, medicine and livelihood for rural India. In spite of the India’s rich plant diversity, rapid urbanization, dietary change and increasing dependence on processed foods have contributed to declining dietary diversity, rising malnutrition and other health disorders. The study examines the significance of WFPs on daily diet, nutritional and socio-cultural practices of indigenous communities such as Soliga tribe inhabiting villages in and around MM Hills wildlife sanctuary, Karnataka. Ecological surveys, field observations, semi-structured interviews, and market assessments conducted in selected urban markets of Bengaluru documented the diversity, consumption practices, and economic value of WFPs. The study recorded nearly 130 WFPs species that contribute significantly to household food and nutritional security and emergency famine foods for Soliga community. Indigenous knowledge associated with these species also represents an important component of socio-cultural identity and sustainable resource management. A case study on wild spinach (Celosia argentea) demonstrates the dual role of WFPs as both agricultural weeds and valuable nutritional resources. Although farmers incur considerable costs in controlling its spread, the species is highly nutritious, drought tolerant, easy to cultivate as garden and urban agriculture plant. More than 35 WFP species were also documented in urban markets, indicating growing consumer interest and commercialization potential. The findings highlight the importance of integrating indigenous knowledge with biodiversity conservation, sustainable agriculture, urban farming initiatives, value-chain development, and supportive public policies. Promoting awareness, research, entrepreneurship, and inclusion of WFPs in education and food policies will facilitate their mainstream adoption, contributing to the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly Zero Hunger, Good Health and Well-being, Climate Action, and sustainable livelihoods.

 Keywords: Wild Food Plants (WFPs); Celosia argentea; Wild Spinach; Climate Action

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