EC Nutrition

The results of the standardized sociological telephone interview using the CATI system of 1200 people of the population of St. Petersburg under 18 years and older with the task to characterize the regime and diet are presented. For 45.6% of Petersburg residents the problem of overweight is relevant, of which 24.9% suffer from overweight, 20.7% - fat. The problem of hypotrophy is not significant, its presence is typical for 3.2% of respondents. At men, according to their estimates, excess body weight comes to light by 1.6 times more often than at women (31.2% against 20.0%), women face a problem of obesity slightly more often (against 17.1% men have 23.5%). Women are also somewhat more characterized by hypotrophy (4.9% versus 0.9%). Among young people (74.5%), there is a large proportion of persons for whom the BMI meets the criteria of the norm. In the group of socially active inhabitants in mature age, 28.6% experience overweight and 18.7% are obese, about half (47.3%) of those with overweight at this age. 63.6% of pensioners suffer from overweight or obesity. For them this problem is 3.5 times more relevant than for young people, and 1.3 times more relevant than for socially active in mature age. The optimal diet regime is observed - 67.0% of Petersburg residents, of whom 42.3% eat three times a day, and 24.7% - four. The highest frequency of meals in the morning is observed among pensioners - 85.7% breakfast every day, which is 1.3 times more than in other groups by age. The use of vitamins in the form of tablets, solutions and syrup is not widespread among citizens: often (every month) they are consumed only by one in five, by courses 2 times a year - one in four and exclusively during illness - only one in six Petersburg residents. Youth are the leader in monthly consumption of products enriched with biologically active food components. Vegetables and fruits are present almost daily in the diet of Petersburg residents. The second place is meat and fish products (67.8%) and the third place is milk and dairy products. Fat and sweet food is consumed daily by 35.9% of respondents. Pasta, cereals, bread and potatoes most (67.2%) consume often (3 - 4 times a week) or daily. The absolute majority (75.3%) of citizens believe that unsustainable nutrition is harmful and can cause severe diseases. Women, young people and those with higher education are somewhat more likely to be convinced.

 Keywords: Nutrition Assessment; Population; Body Mass Index; Obesity; Food Consumption; Age; Sex; Income; Education

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