EC Nutrition

Milk lactoferrin is against the cell surfaces infections; prevents virus entry into target cells, binds to heparan sulfate receptors, and or viral particles and inhibits localization in the cells [1]. Lactoferrin is against naked and enveloped viruses like respiratory syncytial virus, HIV and herpes simplex viruses [2]. This supplement blocks virus entry into the target cells by binding receptors or viruses in the first stage of the infection [3].

According to studies, lactoferrin prevents respiratory syncytial virus and herpes simplex viruse-1 and neutralizes intracellular spread of viruses [1]. Lactoferrin inhibits the replication of human immunodeficiency virus in the target cells as well as for rotavirus and hepatitis C virus [4,5].

1. Berlutti F., et al. “Antiviral properties of lactoferrin-a natural immunity molecule”. Molecules 8 (2011): 6992-7018.
2. Valenti P and Antonini G. “Lactoferrin: an important host defence against microbial and viral attack”. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 62 (2005): 2576-2587.
3. Mohammadabadi T. “Camel milk as an amazing remedy for health complications; A review article”. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Science 2 (2020).
4. González-Chávez SA., et al. “Lactoferrin: structure, function and applications”. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents4 (2009): e301-e308.
5. Van Der Strate B., et al. “Antiviral activities of lactoferrin”. Antiviral Research3 (2001): 225-239.
6. Legrand D. “Lactoferrin, a key molecule in immune and inflammatory processes”. Biochemistry and Cell Biology3 (2012): 252-268.
7. Embleton ND., et al. “Lactoferrin: antimicrobial activity and therapeutic potential”. Paper presented at: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (2013).
8. Di Biase AM., et al. “Heparin-interacting sites of bovine lactoferrin are involved in ant adenovirus activity”. Journal of Medical Virology 69 (2003): 495-502.
9. Mehta P., et al. “Across Speciality Collaboration, U. COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression”. Lancet (2020).
10. Jahanzaib A Mohammadabadi., et al. “Article Review: Milk Lactoferrin: A probable immunological agent against SARS-CoV-2”. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences2 (2020): 138-146.
11. Mohammadabadi T and Hussain T. “Is Camel milk lactoferrin effective against COVID-19?” World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2 (2021): 91-97.
12. Chang R., et al. “Lactoferrin as potential preventative and treatment for COVID-19”. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents3 (2020): 106118.
13. Bruni N., et al. “Antimicrobial activity of lactoferrin-related peptides and applications in human and veterinary medicine”. Molecules6 (2016): 752.
14. Ueno H., et al. “Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of bovine lactoferrin in patients with chronic hepatitis C”. Cancer Science 97 (2006): 1105-1110.