EC Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine

Asthma is a common inflammatory airway disorder, affecting 350 million individuals worldwide, with the prevalence continuing to increase. At least two clinical heterogeneity exist among patients with asthma; those with increases in airway type2 cytokine activity (Th2-high eosinophilic asthma) and inhaled/systemic steroid-refractory (Th2-low non-eosinophilic) asthma. Although numerous immune pathways are being recognized increasingly to understand the development and disease progression, metabolic adaptations of the immune cells have provided new insights into the underlying mechanism of asthma pathogenesis. Here, we review recent insights into the metabolic adaptation and activation of the lung immune cells in the development and regulation of airway inflammation, with a particular focus on immunometabolic pathways in driving asthma heterogeneity. Our evolving understanding of immunometabolic pathways in regulating airway inflammation and asthma pathogenesis presents promising opportunities for novel therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: Metabolic Reprogramming; Immune Cells; Asthma; Airway Inflammation

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