EC Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine

The built environment plays a critical yet underappreciated role in respiratory health outcomes for patients with lung diseases. This literature review examines the intersection of interior design strategies, indoor air quality management, and clinical outcomes for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and other respiratory conditions. Drawing from 40 peer-reviewed studies spanning healthcare architecture, environmental engineering, and pulmonary medicine, this review synthesizes evidence demonstrating that strategic interior design interventions can significantly reduce hospital length of stay, improve pulmonary function, and enhance rehabilitation effectiveness. Key findings indicate that high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration reduces moderate COPD exacerbations by 68%, optimized ventilation systems can decrease airborne pathogen exposure by up to 62%, and biophilic design elements contribute to measurable stress reduction and accelerated recovery. The review proposes an integrated framework for respiratory-focused healthcare facility design that balances infection control, energy efficiency, and patient comfort. These findings have significant implications for healthcare architects, facility managers, and clinicians seeking to optimize therapeutic environments for lung disease patients.

Keywords: Indoor Air Quality; Therapeutic Design; COPD; Respiratory Health; Hospital Design; Ventilation; Pulmonary Rehabilitation

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