EC Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine

Case Series Volume 15 Issue 1 - 2026

Pediatric Hybrid Lung Lesion: A Case Series and Literature Review with a Unique Case of Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) and Bilateral Pulmonary Sequestration (PS)

Najood Alenezi1, Ibrahim Almogarri2, Hanaa Banjar2*, Russol Almubark3, Shamayel Faheem Mohammed4, Abeer Alharbi5 and Essa Alrashedi5

1Department of Pediatrics, Maternity and Children Hospital, Ministry of Health (MOH), Arar, Saudi Arabia

2Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Saudi Arabia

3Department of Pediatrics, Maternity and Children Hospital, (MOH), Dammam, Saudi Arabia

4Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Saudi Arabia

5Department of Pediatrics, King Saud Medical City, First Riyadh Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

*Corresponding Author: Hanaa Banjar, Professor of Pediatrics, Al-Faisal University, Consultant Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Received: December 15, 2025; Published: January 05, 2026



Background: Hybrid lung lesion combining PS and CPAM represent a complex subset of these anomalies. Bilateral PS is an exceptionally uncommon variant, characterized by non-functioning lung tissue supplied by systemic arteries on both sides.

Objective: To present a case series of hybrid lung lesion in children, including a rare case combining CPAM with bilateral PS, and to provide a literature review.

Method: A retrospective review of four patients with hybrid CPAM and PS was conducted using electronic medical records.

Result: Four patients with hybrid CPAM and PS were identified. One case demonstrated a rare presentation of CPAM with bilateral PS. All cases presented with respiratory symptoms, with variable age of presentation and imaging findings. All cases underwent surgical intervention with a favorable outcome.

Conclusion: Understanding these complex congenital anomalies and recognizing unusual presentations is crucial for appropriate patient care. Considering the variety of presenting symptoms is important. Management approaches range from conservative to surgical interventions, emphasizing the need for a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and treatment.

 Keywords: Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM); Pulmonary Sequestration (PS); Hybrid Lung Lesions

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Hanaa Banjar., et al. “Pediatric Hybrid Lung Lesion: A Case Series and Literature Review with a Unique Case of Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) and Bilateral Pulmonary Sequestration (PS)”. EC Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine  15.1 (2026): 01-13.

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