EC Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine

Review Article Volume 14 Issue 1 - 2025

Overview of Multi-Omics Approaches for Pulmonary Sarcoidosis

Yifan Fei1, Zhe Lei1,2,3, Yuhong Wang1,2, Macaluso Joshua3, Lisa A Maier3,4, Lingchuan Guo1,2* and Li Li3,4*

1Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China

2Institute of Clinical Pathology and Precision Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China

3Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA

4Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA

*Corresponding Author: Lingchuan Guo, Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. E-mail: szglc@hotmail.com and Li Li, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA; E-mail: lil@njhealth.org.
Received: October 28, 2024; Published:December 16, 2024



Purpose: Here, we review recent findings in the transcriptome, proteome, metabolomics, and microbiome of pulmonary sarcoidosis and highlight differentially expressed genes, specific pathways, mechanisms, microorganisms, metabolites, and targeted therapeutics in the field.

Recent Findings: The transcriptome and proteome of pulmonary sarcoidosis have been widely studied in recent years. Many differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways have been identified. Several proteins have been identified as potential molecular markers of pulmonary sarcoidosis. The microorganisms and metabolites of patients with sarcoidosis also have certain specificity. We compared pulmonary sarcoidosis with other diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, tuberculosis, and chronic beryllium disease, and found some differential diagnoses. Based on the identified pathways and mechanisms, targeted therapeutic strategies have been proposed.

Summary: Many differentially expressed genes have been identified, including CBX8, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL11, GBP1, GBP5, LINC01278, MMP12, PSMB9, STAT1, and TLE3, as well as the related enriched pathways, such as the IFN-γ, IL-1, IL-17, MHC, T-cell receptor, TNF, Th1, and Th2 signaling pathways. Proteins such as ABCG1, Apo A–I, CXCR5, MMP12, PD-1, PPARγ, and vitamin D-binding protein, together with the Fc galactosylation status of IgG4, are potential molecular markers for pulmonary sarcoidosis. Many specific microorganisms and metabolites in patients with sarcoidosis have also been found. Targeted drugs such as infliximab, nintedanib and rituximab have been proposed according to the discovered pathways and mechanisms.

 Keywords: Pulmonary Sarcoidosis; Transcriptome; Proteome; Metabolomics; Microbiome; Multi-Omics

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Lingchuan Guo and Li Li., et al. "Overview of Multi-Omics Approaches for Pulmonary Sarcoidosis". EC Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine  14.1 (2025): 01-16.

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