EC Paediatrics

Background: Hydatid cyst (HC) is a parasitic condition caused by Echinococcus granulosus. The lung is the most common site of localization in the pediatric population, then the liver. Pulmonary HC can be complicated mainly by a rupture in the bronchus and more rarely in the pleura.

Aim of the Study: To report a case of pulmonary HC ruptured in the pleura and bronchi. 

Case Report: A-13-year-old child, presented with HC of the left lung, complicated by a rupture in both the bronchi and the pleura, and responsible for a significant compressive hydro pneumothorax managed conservatively by drainage, respiratory physiotherapy and antihelmintic drugs. Chest computed tomography (CT) was very helpful for the diagnosis of HC with its complications, as well as the follow-up control. Management was conservative no surgery was necessary.

Conclusion: Pulmonary HC in children remains a common condition in Morocco. Its rupture in the pleura is a rare complication even in endemic areas and can be indicative. Conservative management can be efficient in some cases and must be considered as a treatment option. 

 Keywords: Child; Acute Respiratory Distress; Chest Computed Tomography; Hydatic Cyst; Rupture in Pleura and Bronchi; Conservative Management

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