EC Paediatrics

Objective: To elucidate the patterns of development of conjugated jaundice, including prolonged jaundice, the relationship between clinical and laboratory parameters in children with conjugated jaundice, and to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment regimens.

Materials and Methods: The medical records of 69 patients with conjugated jaundice admitted to the clinic in 2023-2024 were analyzed. The interactions of pregnancy pathology, prematurity, mode of delivery, perinatal CNS damage, thymomegaly, concomitant infections, anemia, bilirubin levels and dynamics, ALAT and ASAT, and age at hospitalization were taken into account. Statistical data were processed using Student's t-test for relative values and variation series and the Fisher's angular transform method.

Results: In 82.6% of infants, jaundice developed against an unfavorable background: pregnancy pathology, maternal illnesses, cesarean section, prematurity, anemia, infections (omphalitis, dacryocystitis, rhinitis, intestinal dysbiosis). Premature infants were significantly more likely to have bilirubin above 200 μmol/L and a positive ALAT/ASAT ratio, more often thymomegaly and infections, and significantly less often ASAT above 50 U/L. Children with thymomegaly are more likely to have unfavorable factors in their medical history, and infections are significantly less common. Thymomegaly was significantly less common in infants under 15 days of age than in those over 46 days of age. Children with perinatal CNS pathology were significantly more likely to have high ALFT levels and more often high ASAT and bilirubin levels. The use of the angioprotector pentoxifylline, which improves microcirculation, in the complex treatment of conjugated jaundice promotes its faster resolution.

Conclusion: 1. Perinatal CNS pathology is accompanied by high levels of ALAT, ASAT, and bilirubin. 2. Thymomegaly is a protective barrier against infections in infants that occurs under unfavorable conditions (pregnancy pathology, maternal illness, etc.). Its development requires a certain amount of time. 3. The use of the angioprotector pentoxifylline in the complex treatment of conjugated jaundice promotes its faster resolution.

 Keywords: Conjugated Jaundice; Thymomegaly; Pentoxifylline

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