EC Paediatrics

Background: Childhood empyema, a serious complication of bacterial pneumonia, often requires invasive treatments. Intrapleural streptokinase, a fibrinolytic agent, has been proposed as a less invasive alternative, potentially reducing the need for surgical intervention.

Methods: This hospital-based randomized controlled trial compared two groups of pediatric empyema patients: a control group receiving standard treatment and a study group treated with intrapleural streptokinase. The primary outcomes measured were the necessity for surgical intervention, duration of hospital stay, and overall treatment costs.

Results: The intrapleural streptokinase group showed a significant reduction in surgical interventions and hospital stay durations compared to the control group. Additionally, there was a noticeable decrease in treatment costs, with improved fluid drainage and symptom resolution observed in the streptokinase group.

Conclusion: Intrapleural streptokinase demonstrated effectiveness in treating childhood empyema, offering a viable, less invasive alternative to traditional methods. These findings suggest that intrapleural streptokinase can reduce the need for surgery, shorten hospital stays, and lower treatment costs, indicating its potential for transforming pediatric empyema management.

 Keywords: Intrapleural Streptokinase; Childhood Empyema

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