EC Paediatrics

Introduction: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare condition in children. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA), particularly when associated with thrombocytosis, has been reported as a potential risk factor for thrombosis. We report a case of CVST associated with severe IDA in a 15-month-old child.

Case Presentation: A 15-month-old girl presented with afebrile focal seizures and vomiting. Examination revealed pallor and right hemiparesis. Laboratory investigations showed severe microcytic hypochromic anemia (hemoglobin 3.5 g/dL), ferritin of 1 ng/mL, and thrombocytosis (770,000/mm³). Brain MRI confirmed thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus, the straight sinus, and the right transverse sinus. The patient was treated with low-molecular-weight heparin and oral iron supplementation, resulting in complete neurological recovery and radiological resolution.

Conclusion: This case highlights the possible association between severe iron deficiency anemia and cerebral venous thrombosis in children. Early recognition and treatment are essential to prevent serious complications.

Keywords: Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis; Iron Deficiency Anemia; Thrombocytosis; Child; Case Report

Abbreviations: CVST: Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis; IDA: Iron Deficiency Anemia; MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging; LMWH: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin

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