EC Paediatrics

Botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma (BRMS) is a rare variant of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (eRMS) typically occurring in the genitourinary tract of young children. We report the case of a three-year-old girl presenting with intermittent vaginal bleeding and a “grape-like” protruding mass. Imaging (MRI) showed a localized vaginal tumor without distant metastasis. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology showing a characteristic cambium layer and positive immunohistochemical staining for desmin and myogenin. Management involved a multidisciplinary approach combining chemotherapy and conservative surgery. This report highlights the importance of early diagnosis, the role of MRI in monitoring, and the necessity of balancing oncological cure with organ preservation.

Keywords: Botryoid Rhabdomyosarcoma; Vaginal Tumor; Pediatric Oncology; WHO Classification; MRI