EC Orthopaedics

Review Article Volume 16 Issue 3 - 2025

New Insights into the Epidemiology and Risk Factors Associated with Gout (Niqras)

Hilal Akhtar1*, Mohammad Mohsin2, Malik Itrat3, Bilal Tafseer4 and Mohammad Rashid5

1Medical Officer (Community Health), Community Health Centre, Shergarh, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
2Associate Professor, D/o Amraaz-e-Jild Wa Zohrawiya, A.K. Tibbiya College, A.M.U., Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
3Assistant professor, D/o Tahaffuz wa Samaji Tib, NIUM, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
4Assistant Professor, D/o Ilmul Advia, A.K. Tibbiya College, A.M.U., Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
5Assistant Professor, D/o Ilmul Saidla, A.K. Tibbiya College, A.M.U., Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India

*Corresponding Author: Hilal Akhtar, Medical Officer (Community Health), Community Health Centre, Shergarh, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Received: February 20, 2025; Published: March 22, 2025




Gout (Niqras) is an increasingly common chronic articular disorder characterized by abrupt attacks of severe pain and swelling (usually big toe), caused by the deposition of needle-shaped crystals of uric acid known as monosodium urate crystals around the joints. When the blood level of urate, the end product of purine metabolism, reaches its physiological limit of solubility, it may crystallize into monosodium urate (MSU) around the joints and raising the risk of both gout and renal stone. The traditional risk factors of male sex and high red meat, sea foods or alcohol consumption (especially beer) have been joined by a wave of newer risk factors, such as prolonged existence, congestive heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, overweight, use of certain medications (diuretics, low dose aspirin, cyclosporine), and renal problems. Gout affects at least one percent of the population in Western countries and is the most common inflammatory joint disease in men older than forty years of age. This article reviews new insights into the epidemiological data and comorbidities on this ancient disease.

 Keywords: Articular; Gout; Joint; Monosodium Urate Crystal; Niqras; Uric Acid

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Hilal Akhtar et al., “New Insights into the Epidemiology and Risk Factors Associated with Gout (Niqras)” EC Orthopaedics 16.3 (2025): 01-05.

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