EC Orthopaedics

Review Article Volume 14 Issue 6 - 2023

Innovative Applications of Nanotechnology in Orthopaedics: A Paradigm Shift in Healing and Patient Care

Muhammad Iftikhar Hanif1*, Vinnith Ramamurti1, Siamak Sarrafan2 and H Bava Bakrudeen3

1Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Malaysia

2International Medical School, MSU University, Malaysia

3Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Malaysia

*Corresponding Author: Muhammad Iftikhar Hanif, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah, Malaysia.
Received: May 17, 2023; Published: June 13, 2023



The utilization of nanomaterials in orthopedic surgery has brought about a revolution in orthopedic care, with significant advancements in implant durability, tissue regeneration, infection prevention, and overall patient outcomes. This paper provides an overview of recent developments in nanomaterials and their applications in orthopedic care.

Nanomaterials have played a crucial role in the development of novel implant materials by optimizing their surfaces for improved biocompatibility, osseointegration, and long-term stability. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and other nanostructured coatings have shown promising results in stimulating bone growth and accelerating the healing process.

The use of nanomaterials in targeted drug delivery systems enables precise and sustained release of therapeutic agents, minimizing side effects while maximizing treatment effectiveness. Nanoparticles can be functionalized with specific ligands to selectively target cells or tissues, allowing for personalized medicine approaches.

Nanomaterial-based scaffolds, such as electrospun nanofibers and nanocomposite hydrogels, provide a biomimetic environment that supports cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, facilitating tissue regeneration. Additionally, nanomaterials enhance the delivery of growth factors and biomolecules, promoting tissue healing processes.

In the realm of infection prevention, nanomaterials exhibit significant potential. Nanostructured coatings with antimicrobial properties effectively prevent bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on implant surfaces. Nanoparticles loaded with antimicrobial agents offer a means to combat infections, reducing the risk of complications.

In conclusion, the integration of nanomaterials in orthopedic surgery has led to notable advancements in implant durability, tissue regeneration, infection prevention, and targeted drug delivery. While challenges persist, ongoing progress in nanomaterial applications holds tremendous promise for the future of orthopedic surgery.

Keywords: Nanomaterials; Orthopaedics; Revolution; Implants; Wound Care; Imaging

  1. Cieza Alarcos., et al. “Global Estimates of the Need for Rehabilitation Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019”. The Lancet 396 (2020): 10267.
  2. Chen MQ. “Recent Advances and Perspective of Nanotechnology-Based Implants for Orthopedic Applications”. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 10 (2022): 878257.
  3. Ye Guo and Bao., et al. “Nanomaterial-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and regeneration”. Nanomedicine (2020): 15.
  4. Cheng H., et al. “Development of nanomaterials for bone-targeted drug delivery”. Drug Discovery Today 9(2017): 1336-1350.
  5. Smith WR., et al. “Nanotechnology in orthopedics: a clinically oriented review”. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 1 (2018): 67.
  6. Linta Iftikhar., et al. “DocGPT: Impact of ChatGPT-3 on Health Services as a Virtual Doctor”. EC Paediatrics3 (2023): 45-55.
  7. Muhammad I Hanif., et al. “Internet of Things (IoT) Towards Specialty-Specific Internet of Orthopaedic Things (IOT): The Evolution and Applications of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)”. EC Orthopaedics 3 (2023): 37-51.
  8. Yang Ying., et al. “Dual-Purpose Magnesium-Incorporated Titanium Nanotubes for Combating Bacterial Infection and Ameliorating Osteolysis to Realize Better Osseointegration”. ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering 10 (2019): 5368-5383.
  9. Ramezani M and Ripin ZM. “An Overview of Enhancing the Performance of Medical Implants with Nanocomposites”. Journal of Composites Science 5 (2023): 199.
  10. Mazaheri Mozhdeh., et al. “Nanomedicine applications in orthopedic medicine: state of the art”. International Journal of Nanomedicine 10 (2015): 6039-6053.
  11. Yu Dan., et al. “Modification of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Physical Features to Improve Osteointegration”. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B 3 (2022): 189-203.
  12. Li Yuehong., et al. “Enhanced Antibacterial Properties of Orthopedic Implants by Titanium Nanotube Surface Modification: A Review of Current Techniques”. International Journal of Nanomedicine 14 (2019): 7217-7236.
  13. Faezeh Habibzadeh., et al. “Nanomaterials supported by polymers for tissue engineering applications: A review”. Heliyon 12 (2022): e12193.
  14. AbouAitah Khaled., et al. “Drug-Releasing Antibacterial Coating Made from Nano-Hydroxyapatite Using the Sonocoating Method”. Nanomaterials 7 (2021): 1690.
  15. Gaur Manish., et al. “Biomedical Applications of Carbon Nanomaterials: Fullerenes, Quantum Dots, Nanotubes, Nanofibers, and Graphene”. Materials 20 (2021): 5978.
  16. Jaison Jeevanandam., et al. “Bionanomaterials: definitions, sources, types, properties, toxicity, and regulations, Editor(s): Ahmed Barhoum, Jaison Jeevanandam, Michael K”. Danquah, In Micro and Nano Technologies, Fundamentals of Bionanomaterials, Elsevier (2022): 1-29.
  17. ‌Sen Chandan K. “Human Wounds and Its Burden: Updated 2020 Compendium of Estimates”. Advances in Wound Care 5 (2021).
  18. Toczek Jakub., et al. “Benefit of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles in Wound Healing Process after Endometrial Cancer Protocol”. Biomedicines 3 (2022): 679.
  19. Zebarjad SM., et al. “A Study on Mechanical Properties of PMMA/Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposite”. Engineering08 (2011): 795-801.
  20. Jogi Bhagwan F., et al. “Dispersion and Performance Properties of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) Based Polymer Composites: A Review”. Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences 04 (2012): 69-78.
  21. Chen Yulin., et al. “Bone-Targeted Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System: An Emerging Strategy for Bone-Related Disease”. Frontiers in Pharmacology 13 (2022): 909408.
  22. Abubakre Oladiran Kamardeen., et al. “Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites for Sustainable Biomedical Applications: A Review”. Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices 2 (2023): 100557.
  23. , et al. “Nanomaterial-Based Prosthetic Limbs for Disability Mobility Assistance: A Review of Recent Advances”. Journal of Nanomaterials 3425297 (2022): e3425297.
  24. Ahn Sungsook., et al. “Gold Nanoparticle Contrast Agents in Advanced X-Ray Imaging Technologies”. Molecules 5 (2013): 5858-5890.
  25. Yang Heyu., et al. “Effects of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as T2-MRI Contrast Agents on Reproductive System in Male Mice”. Journal of Nanobiotechnology 1 (2022).
  26. Wu Shentian., et al. “Radioactive Polymeric Nanoparticles for Biomedical Application”. Drug Delivery 1 (2020): 1544-1561.
  27. Staggers Nancy., et al. “Nanotechnology: The Coming Revolution and Its Implications for Consumers, Clinicians, and Informatics”. Nursing Outlook 5 (2008): 268-274.
  28. Faunce Thomas A. “Toxicological and Public Good Considerations for the Regulation of Nanomaterial-Containing Medical Products”. Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 2 (2008): 103-106.
  29. AKÇAN Ramazan., et al. “Nanotoxicity: A Challenge for Future Medicine”. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 4 (2020): 1180-1196.
  30. Gangadoo S., et al. “From Replacement to Regeneration: Are Bio-Nanomaterials the Emerging Prospect for Therapy of Defective Joints and Bones? Journal of Biotechnology and Biomaterials 5 (2015): 187.
  31. Shrader-Frechette Kristin. “Nanotoxicology and Ethical Conditions for Informed Consent”. Nano Ethics1 (2007): 47-56.
  32. Uskoković Vuk. “Nanomedicine for the Poor: A Lost Cause or an Idea Whose Time Has yet to Come?” Nanomedicine14 (2021): 1203-1218.
  33. Maclurcan Donnie. “Nanotechnology and Developing Countries - Part 2: What Realities?” (2010).

Muhammad Iftikhar Hanif., et al. “Innovative Applications of Nanotechnology in Orthopaedics: A Paradigm Shift in Healing and Patient Care”. EC Orthopaedics 14.6 (2023): 54-60.