EC Neurology

Case Report Volume 16 Issue 2 - 2024

Neuropsychological Profile of Adolescent Learning Disability: A Case Report

Ashima Nehra1*, Rhythm Makkar1, Ruchita Hazrati1 and Anu Gupta2

1Clinical Neuropsychology, Neurosciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
2Department of Neurology, Neurosciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

*Corresponding Author: Ashima Nehra, Clinical Neuropsychology, Neurosciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Received: January 17, 2024; Published: February 05, 2024



There’s a lacunae in research on neuropsychological domains of Learning disability (LD) which includes cognitive, social, behavioural and academic performance as well as the assessment and diagnostic criteria. A case of a 14 year old boy with academic difficulties is presented. Neuropsychological assessment was done which showed impairment in executive functioning, immediate and delayed verbal memory, working memory, verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, processing speed, spatial relations, receptive and expressive language despite having an IQ of 85 on a global scale. Mild dyslexia was indicated with difficulties in punctuation, spelling errors, handwriting, spacing of words, positioning and placing of alphabets, and LD was diagnosed. Borderline score was observed on depressive and thought problems, whereas a clinical score was obtained on social problems, engagement in activities, school competence, passivity, cyclothymia, and indifferent social desirability.

 Keywords: Learning Disability; Neuropsychology; Cognition; Healthcare; Disability

  1. Joseph JK and Devu BK. “Prevalence and pattern of learning disability in India: A systematic review and meta analysis”. Indian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing 19 (2022): 152-162.
  2. Karande S., et al. “Economic burden of specific learning disability: A prevalence-based cost of illness study of its direct, indirect, and intangible costs”. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine3 (2019): 152-159.
  3. Moll K., et al. “Specific learning disorder: prevalence and gender differences”. PloS one7 (2014): e103537.
  4. Misciagna S. “Neuropsychological assessment of children with learning disabilities”. IntechOpen (2022).
  5. Schulte-Körne G., et al. “Nachuntersuchung einer Stichprobe von leserechtschreibgestörten Kindern im Erwachsenenalter [Follow-up of a sample of children with reading-spelling disorders in adulthood]”. Zeitschrift fur Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie4 (2003): 267-276.
  6. Kolb B and Whishaw IQ. “Fundamentals of human neuropsychology”. Macmillan (2009).
  7. Nehra A., et al. “Is there uniformity in diagnosis of learning disability globally?” Indian Journal of Public Health.
  8. Kar BR. “Learning disability: Issues and concerns with implications for social policy”. In: Tripathi, R., Sinha, Y. (eds) Psychology, Development and Social Policy in India. Springer, New Delhi (2014).
  9. Meyers JE and Meyers KR. “Rey complex figure test under four different administration procedures”. Clinical Neuropsychologist 1 (1995): 63-67.
  10. D’Elia LF., et al. “Color trails test”. Odessa, FL: PAR (1996).
  11. Bean J. “Rey auditory verbal learning test, Rey AVLT”. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, New York, NY (2011).
  12. Gallagher J. “Exceptional children of Malin A.J. (1969)”. Manual for Malin’s Intelligence Scale for Indian Children (MISIC). Lucknow: Indian Psycholodical Corporation (1961).
  13. Grizzle R. “Wechsler intelligence scale for children, fourth edition”. In: Goldstein, S., Naglieri, J.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development. Springer, Boston, MA (2011).
  14. Swarup S and DH Mehta. “Diagnostic test of learning disability”. Prasad Psycho Corporation (n.d.).
  15. Achenbach TM. “Child behavior checklist”. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, New York, NY (2011).
  16. Deo P and Mohan A. “Manual for Achievement motivation scale (n-Ach) (AMSn-DM)”.
  17. Sheehan DV., et al. “The Mini-international neuropsychiatric interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10”. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 20 (1998): 22-23.

Ashima Nehra., et al. “Neuropsychological Profile of Adolescent Learning Disability: A Case Report”. EC Neurology  16.2 (2024): 01-06.