EC Microbiology

Introduction: The term pneumothorax refers to the existence of air anywhere in the pleural cavity between the lungs and chest wall. The probability of developing a pneumothorax is higher in patients with existing lung conditions, and such cases are more endangering and difficult to treat. The treatment protocol for the management of pneumothorax was initially published in the year 1993 by the British Thoracic Society and was later modified in 2003 with a more conservative approach towards management and more focus on the conditions and consequences associated with it [7]. This review talks in detail about the surgical techniques for the management of pneumothorax.

Aim of Work: This review aims at highlighting an overview of the surgical management of pneumothorax.

Methodology: This review is a comprehensive research of PUBMED and Google Scholar from the years 1930 to 2020. Conclusion: The management of pneumothorax mainly aims at reducing the chances of recurrences and complete evacuation of air. VATS is a more cost-effective and conservative surgical approach as compared to open thoracotomy, but the lack of clinical trials and evidence has not been standardized as the treatment approach for pneumothorax. In the limitation of this review, it is concluded that more extensive research should be done for surgical management techniques, and a paradigm shift towards conservative treatment approaches is required.

Keywords: Thyroid Nodule; Serum thyrotropin; Calcitonin; FNAC; Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma; Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma; Thyroidectomy

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