EC Microbiology

Review Article Volume 18 Issue 12 - 2022

Overview of Postoperative Complication

Amira R Albannai1*, Waleed Alsalhi2, Ahmad Salah Bubshait3, Abdulaziz Mohammed Ghibban4, Ayaa Mubarak Muhamedahmed Aboush5, Qasem Adnan Alnahwi6, Hanan Ahmed Kabli7, Mohammed Abbas Al Omran6, Abdullah Salman Alhassan8, Najmah Abdullah Almowina9, Abdulrahman Tariq Tabbakh10, Hussain Mirza Alhalal11, Tamim Abdullah Almoqbell12, Yazeed Hamdan Alwabisi13

1General medical Committee – Dammam – Saudi Arabia
2Majmaah University – AlMajmaah - Saudi Arabia
3Security Forces Hospital - Dammam - Saudi Arabia
4Medical University of Lodz - Poland
5King Khaled Hospital -Najran- Saudi Arabia
6Prince Saud Bin Jalawi Hospital- Ahsa- Saudi Arabia
7King Abdulaziz Hospital - Jeddah - Saudi Arabia
8King Fahad Hospital – Hofuf - Saudi Arabia
9Ministry Of Health- Saudi Arabia
10King Fahad General Hospital - Jeddah- Saudi Arabia
11Dammam Medical Complex - Dammam- Saudi Arabia
12Durma Hospital- Riyadh - Saudi Arabia
13Tabuk University - Tabuk - Saudi Arabia

*Corresponding Author: Amira R. Albannai - MD, PHD, FM, DIP-IPC, General medical Committee – Dammam – Saudi Arabia.
Received: November 16, 2022;Published: November 21, 2022



Introduction: Deviations that take place from the normal course of healing post-surgery are termed postoperative complications. Complications can be associated with any minor or major surgeries regardless of the best efforts put in by the surgeon preoperatively and postoperatively. As the number of surgical procedures is increasing over the years, so are the complications and the mental and financial burden posed to the patient, their family, and the surgeon.

Aim of Work: This review aims at overviewing the most common postoperative complications and their management.

Methodology: The review is a comprehensive research of PUBMED and Google scholar from the year 2004 to 2020.

Conclusion: Postoperative complications can be treated by close monitoring of the patient post-surgery. Preoperative preparations for certain risk factors like bleeding disorders, cardiac or respiratory impairment, obesity, etc. also help in reducing the incidence of post-op complications. If the patient shows any signs of complications, he should be immediately taken into observation and aggressive treatment planning should be done at a multidisciplinary level in order to manage the complication at the earliest. Postoperative complications pose a great financial and psychosocial burden on the patient as well as the healthcare system. Early management of such complications leads to a faster healing time for the patient and decreased rate of morbidity and mortality.

 

Keywords: Surgical Site Infection (SSI); Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS); Hypovolemic Shock; Atelectasis; Thromboembolism

  1. Bhatia R. “Management principles of common surgical complications”. Surgery2 (2011): 67-69.
  2. Skervin A and Levy B. “Management of common surgical complications”. Surgery3 (2020): 128-132.
  3. Dindo D., et al. “Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey”. Annals of Surgery2 (2004): 205-213.
  4. Gan TJ. “Poorly controlled postoperative pain: prevalence, consequences, and prevention”. Journal of Pain Research 10 (2017): 2287.
  5. Glaysher MA and Cresswell AB. “Management of common surgical complications”. Surgery4 (2017): 190-194.
  6. Eroglu A. “Anesthesia and analgesia for shoulder surgery”. Journal of Surgery and Surgical Research2 (2020): 133-136.
  7. Garimella V and Cellini C. “Postoperative pain control”. Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery03 (2103): 191-196.
  8. Xu B., et al. “Primary and secondary postoperative hemorrhage in pediatric tonsillectomy”. World Journal of Clinical Cases7 (2021): 1543.
  9. French RL and Gilliam AD. “Control of hemorrhage and damage control surgery”. Surgery11 (2016): 568-574.
  10. Leaper DJ., et al. “Surgical site infection: poor compliance with guidelines and care bundles”. International Wound Journal3 (2015): 357-362.
  11. Owens CD and Stoessel K. “Surgical site infections: epidemiology, microbiology and prevention”. Journal of Hospital Infection 70 (2008): 3-10.
  12. Hoang SC., et al. “Colon and rectal surgery surgical site infection reduction bundle: to improve is to change”. The American Journal of Surgery1 (2019): 40-45.
  13. Van Ramshorst G., et al. “Validity of diagnosis of superficial infection of laparotomy wounds using digital photography: inter-and intra-observer agreement among surgeons”. Wounds-A Compendium of Clinical Research and Practice2 (2010): 38-43.
  14. Darouiche RO., et al. “Chlorhexidine–alcohol versus povidone–iodine for surgical-site antisepsis”. New England Journal of Medicine1 (2010): 18-26.
  15. Müller G and Kramer A. “Biocompatibility index of antiseptic agents by parallel assessment of antimicrobial activity and cellular cytotoxicity”. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy6 (2008): 1281-1287.
  16. Devereaux PJ and Sessler DI. “Cardiac complications in patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery”. New England Journal of Medicine23 (2015): 2258-2269.
  17. Grott K and Dunlap JD. Atelectasis (2019).
  18. Venous thromboembolism in over 16s: reducing the risk of hospital-acquired deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (2018).

Amira R Albannai., et al. “Overview of Postoperative Complication”. EC Microbiology  18.12 (2022): 27-33.