EC Microbiology

Introduction: Renal colic disease is a very common disease in medicine. Ureteric colic is a more clinically correct term for the ailment since it more accurately describes the source of renal colic, which is typically obstruction of the urine flow by stones in the upper urinary tract (urolithiasis). By increasing the pressure in the urinary tract wall and encouraging the production of prostaglandins, the blockage in the ureter leads to vasodilation. This causes diuresis, which raises kidney pressure even further. Rarely, renal colic can develop for reasons other than urinary stones, such as blood clots that can form from upper urinary tract hemorrhage, sloughed renal papilla (caused, for example, by sickle cell disease, diabetes, or prolonged painkiller usage), or lymphadenopathy. Rapid and efficient management of this excruciatingly painful disease is possible in the Emergency Department with prompt diagnosis and proper treatment implemented.

Aim of the Study: The present literature reviews the acute clinical evaluation of renal colic patients, outlines appropriate diagnostic approaches using lab testing, imaging, and conservative treatments, appropriate options for analgesia, and specifies when surgical intervention is necessary for an emergency.

Methodology: The present literature review is a comprehensive research of PUBMED since the year 1973 to 2021.

Conclusion: Due to the significant issues with our diet, renal colic illness is highly prevalent in the community. Therefore, it is crucial that we understand how to manage these patients and when to use medicine and when to come up with new treatments. The majority of nations utilize opiates and NSAIDs to treat renal colic pain. Future studies should examine the efficiency of quick pain relief for renal colic and any side effects brought on by these drugs. We should have a population for screening, such as people with metabolic syndrome and people with kidney illness, and don't forget to employ non-contracted enhanced computed tomography, the gold standard for diagnosis.

Keywords: Renal Colic; Opiates; NSAIDS; Emergency Treatment

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