EC Microbiology

Research Article Volume 16 Issue 10 - 2020

Association between Diet and Breast Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review

Abrar Abdulfattah Al Yamani 1, Karam Saleh Alharbi 2, Abdullatif Saeed Alqahtani 3, Ahmed Sami Felemban 4, Fotun Sameer Bawayan 5, Fulwah Abdulaziz Alangari 6, Reema Abdulaziz Alghamdi 7, Fahad Saeed Alqahtani 3, Meshari Mari Qitmah 3, Azzam Bandar Almalki 4, and Samar Yahya Al Fadhel 3

1Primary Health Care Center, King Abdullah Medical Complex, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
2 College of Medicine, Alfarabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
3 College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
4 College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
5 College of Medicine, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
6 College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
7 College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

*Corresponding Author: Abrar Abdulfattah Al Yamani, Primary Health Care Center, King Abdullah Medical Complex, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Received: August 13, 2020; Published: September 19, 2020



Patterns of diet have long been suspected to impact on health promotion and the protective role of adherence to this dietary pattern on cancer incidence. However, its association with breast cancer risk remains unclear. Therefore, we aim to systematically review the previously published studies that assessed the correlation between the quality of diet and breast cancer in post-meno- pausal women. A systematic electronic database search was conducted for relevant studies published till 21st July 2020 in seven databases. Finally, 19 studies were included in the current systematic review after all of the screening stages. The overall risk of bias of the included studies was acceptable with less than 25% of the studies showing serious/critical risks. Four cohort studies found a statistically significant association between adherence to a Mediterranean Diet pattern and the reduced risk of breast cancer with the latter three studies that reported statistical significance only with estrogen negative (ER-) breast cancers. Moreover, two case-control studies showed a negative correlation between adherence to a Mediterranean Diet pattern and the occurrence of breast cancer. In terms of the healthy eating index (HEI), a statistically significant association between high HEI scores and reduced incidence of ER- breast cancer although it was not associated with other ER- tumors. In the same context, there were contradicting results regarding the association of the dietary inflammatory index and low-carbohydrate diet scores and the risk of breast cancer. In conclusion, the results are contradicting with no conclusive evidence of the association which requires more studies for the synthesis of high-quality evidence.

 Keywords: Diet; Breast Cancer; Menopause

  1. DeSantis C., et al. “Breast Cancer Statistics, 2013”. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 64.1 (2014): 52-62.
  2. Kushi LH., et al. “American Cancer Society Guidelines on Nutrition and Physical Activity for Cancer Prevention: Reducing the Risk of Cancer with Healthy Food Choices and Physical Activity”. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 62.1 (2012): 30-67.
  3. Neuhouser ML., et al. “Overweight, Obesity, and Postmenopausal Invasive Breast Cancer Risk: A Secondary Analysis of the Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Clinical Trials”. JAMA Oncology 1.5 (2015): 611-621.
  4. Lauby-Secretan B., et al. “Body Fatness and Cancer--Viewpoint of the Iarc Working Group”. The New England Journal of Medicine 375.8 (2016): 794-798.
  5. Picon-Ruiz Manuel, et al. “Obesity and Adverse Breast Cancer Risk and Outcome: Mechanistic Insights and Strategies for Intervention”. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 67.5 (2017): 378-397.
  6. Nomura SJ., et al. “Wcrf/Aicr Recommendation Adherence and Breast Cancer Incidence among Postmenopausal Women with and without Non-Modifiable Risk Factors”. International Journal of Cancer 138.11 (2016): 2602-2615.
  7. Moore SC., et al. “Association of Leisure-Time Physical Activity with Risk of 26 Types of Cancer in 1.44 Million Adults”. JAMA Internal Medicine 176.6 (2016): 816-825.
  8. Link LB., et al. “Dietary Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk in the California Teachers Study Cohort”. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 98.6 (2013): 1524-1532.
  9. Hirko KA., et al. “Healthy Dietary Patterns and Risk of Breast Cancer by Molecular Subtype”. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 155.3 (2016): 579-588.
  10. Jordan I., et al. “Dietary Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk among Women in Northern Tanzania: A Case-Control Study”. European Journal of Nutrition 52.3 (2013): 905-915.
  11. Tabung FK., et al. “Patterns of Change over Time and History of the Inflammatory Potential of Diet and Risk of Breast Cancer among Postmenopausal Women”. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 159.1 (2016): 139-149.
  12. Albuquerque RC., et al. “Breast Cancer and Dietary Patterns: A Systematic Review”. Nutrition Reviews 72.1 (2014): 1-17.
  13. Brennan SF., et al. “Dietary Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 91.5 (2010): 1294-1302.
  14. Baglietto L., et al. “Dietary Patterns and Risk of Breast Cancer”. British Journal of Cancer 104.3 (2011): 524-531.
  15. Castelló A., et al. “Spanish Mediterranean Diet and Other Dietary Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk: Case-Control Epigeicam Study”. British Journal of Cancer 111.7 (2014): 1454-1462.
  16. Baglietto L., et al. “Dietary Patterns and Risk of Breast Cancer”. British Journal of Cancer 104.3 (2011): 524-531.
  17. McGuire Shelley. “Scientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. Washington, Dc: Us Departments of Agriculture and Health and Human Services, 2015”. Advances in Nutrition 7.1 (2016): 202-204.
  18. Harmon BE., et al. “Associations of Key Diet-Quality Indexes with Mortality in the Multiethnic Cohort: The Dietary Patterns Methods Project”. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (AJCN) 101.3 (2015): 587-597.
  19. Thomson CA. “Diet and Breast Cancer: Understanding Risks and Benefits”. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 27.5 (2012): 636-650.
  20. Patterson RE., et al. “Physical Activity, Diet, Adiposity and Female Breast Cancer Prognosis: A Review of the Epidemiologic Literature”. Maturitas 66.1 (2010): 5-15.
  21. Liberati Alessandro., et al. “The Prisma Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Health Care Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration”. PLoS Medicine 6.7 (2009): e1000100.
  22. Vassar Matt., et al. “Manual Search Approaches Used by Systematic Reviewers in Dermatology”. Journal of the Medical Library Association: JMLA 104.4 (2016): 302.
  23. Sterne Jonathan AC., et al. “Robins-I: A Tool for Assessing Risk of Bias in Non-Randomised Studies of Interventions”. 355 (2016): i4919.
  24. Trichopoulou A and P Lagiou. “Healthy Traditional Mediterranean Diet: An Expression of Culture, History, and Lifestyle”. Nutrition Reviews 55.11 Pt 1 (1997): 383-389.
  25. Fung TT., et al. “Diet-Quality Scores and Plasma Concentrations of Markers of Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction”. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 82.1 (2005): 163-173.
  26. Haridass V., et al. “Diet Quality Scores Inversely Associated with Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk Are Not Associated with Premenopausal Breast Cancer Risk in the California Teachers Study”. Journal of Nutrition 148.11 (2018): 1830-1837.
  27. Buckland G., et al. “Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Breast Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Cohort Study”. International Journal of Cancer 132.12 (2013): 2918-2927.
  28. Cade JE., et al. “Does the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern or the Healthy Diet Index Influence the Risk of Breast Cancer in a Large British Cohort of Women?” European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 65.8 (2011): 920-928.
  29. Cottet V., et al. “Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk and Dietary Patterns in the E3n-Epic Prospective Cohort Study”. American Journal of Epidemiology 170.10 (2009): 1257-1267.
  30. Couto E., et al. “Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Risk of Breast Cancer”. PLoS One 8.2 (2013): e55374.
  31. Demetriou CA., et al. “The Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Breast Cancer Risk in Greek-Cypriot Women: A Case-Control Study”. BMC Cancer 12 (2012): 113.
  32. Murtaugh MA., et al. “Diet Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Women: The Four-Corners Breast Cancer Study”. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 87.4 (2008): 978-984.
  33. Trichopoulou A., et al. “Conformity to Traditional Mediterranean Diet and Breast Cancer Risk in the Greek Epic (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) Cohort”. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 92.3 (2010): 620-625.
  34. Van den Brandt PA and M Schulpen. “Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer: Results of a Cohort Study and Meta-Analysis”. International Journal of Cancer 140.10 (2017): 2220-2231.
  35. Fung TT., et al. “Diet Quality Is Associated with the Risk of Estrogen Receptor-Negative Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women”. Journal of Nutrition 136.2 (2006): 466-472.
  36. Fung TT., et al. “Low-Carbohydrate Diets, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension-Style Diets, and the Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer”. American Journal of Epidemiology 174.6 (2011): 652-660.
  37. Toledo E., et al. “Mediterranean Diet and Invasive Breast Cancer Risk among Women at High Cardiovascular Risk in the Predimed Trial: A Randomized Clinical Trial”. JAMA Internal Medicine 175.11 (2015): 1752-1760.
  38. McGuire Shelley. “U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010. 7th Edition, Washington, Dc: U.S. Government Printing Office, January 2011”. Advances in Nutrition 2.3 (2011): 293-294.
  39. Sun Y., et al. “Changes in Overall Diet Quality in Relation To survival in Postmenopausal Women with Breast cancer: Results from the Women’s Health initiative”. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 118.10 (2018): 1855-1863.
  40. Ge I., et al. “Dietary Inflammation Potential and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk in a German Case-Control Study”. Breast 24.4 (2015): 491-496.
  41. Tabung FK., et al. “Association between Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Breast Cancer Incidence and Death: Results from the Women’s Health Initiative”. British Journal of Cancer 114.11 (2016): 1277-1285.
  42. Sacks Frank M and Hannia Campos. “Dietary Therapy in Hypertension”. New England Journal of Medicine 362.22 (2010): 2102-2112.
  43. Halton TL., et al. “Low-Carbohydrate-Diet Score and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Women”. New England Journal of Medicine 355.19 (2006): 1991-2002.
  44. Peterson LL., et al. “Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products and the Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer in the National Institutes of Health-Aarp Diet and Health Study”. Cancer 126.11 (2020): 2648-2657.
  45. Pan K., et al. “Weight Loss, Diet Composition and Breast Cancer Incidence and Outcome in Postmenopausal Women”. Oncotarget 10.33 (2019): 3088-3092.
  46. Buck K., et al. “Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer in a German Case-Control Study”. Cancer Causes Control 22.2 (2011): 273-282.
  47. Fung TT., et al. “A Dietary Pattern Derived to Correlate with Estrogens and Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer”. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 132.3 (2012): 1157-1162.

Abrar Abdulfattah Al Yamani., et al. “Association between Diet and Breast Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review”. EC Microbiology  16.10 (2020): 41-56.

ECronicon Journal

Our Services

Quick Links

Information

Creative Commons LicenseOpen Access by ECronicon is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Based on a work at www.ecronicon.net