EC Pharmacology and Toxicology

Bryophytes, including mosses, liverworts, and hornworts, are significant in the plant kingdom for their diverse biological activities and therapeutic potential. They are positioned between algae and ferns; these ancient plants have been used in traditional medicine globally. They produce various bioactive compounds, such as polysaccharides, terpenoids, amino acids, lipids, quinones, and phenylpropanoids, which exhibit numerous pharmacological properties, including anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Research highlights the therapeutic applications of bryophytes, with extracts showing cytotoxic effects against cancer cells, indicating potential cancer treatments. Their antimicrobial properties are valuable for combating infections caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Additionally, their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capabilities suggest they could treat conditions related to oxidative stress and inflammation. The ecological adaptability of bryophytes, thriving in habitats from tropical rainforests to arctic tundras, underscores their resilience and evolutionary importance. This adaptability enables them to produce a wide array of bioactive compounds, with promising applications in medicine, cosmetics, and agriculture. Bryophytes are a rich source of bioactive compounds with diverse therapeutic potential. Further exploration of these fascinating plants could unlock novel therapeutic agents and contribute to developing new treatments for various human health challenges. Therefore, in this review, the biological activities of bryophytes and their uses as therapeutic potential have been discussed.

 Keywords: Bryophytes; Traditional Medicine; Bioactive Compounds; Therapeutic Potential; Biological Activities

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