EC Ophthalmology

Introduction: Microsurgical anatomy studies the structure and topography of small anatomical structures in relation to the requirements of microsurgery. The main methods of studying microsurgical anatomy of tissues are macroscopic dissection and the preparation of histotopograms [1]. Until now, the transparent vitreous body has not been considered as an organ that can be studied using the main methods of microsurgical anatomy. Since 2010, the S.N. Fedorov National Medical Research Center for Microsurgery of the Eye has been conducting research on microsurgical anatomy using the method of macro-microscopic dissection with the use of Vitreocontrast suspension. Since 2010, the S.N. Fedorov Federal State Institution "Microsurgery of the Eye" has been conducting research on microsurgical anatomy using the method of macroscopic dissection with the use of Vitreocontrast suspension as a contrasting agent. By using the injection method and the method of layer-by-layer contrasting during macroscopic dissection, it became possible to isolate the intravitreal structures for subsequent histological examination. These experimental studies were conducted on autopsied eyeballs from cadaveric donors. Other anatomical models of the vitreous body are required for the process of teaching microsurgical anatomy research methods.

Purpose: To compare the microsurgical anatomy of the vitreous body of human and a pig eyes.

Materials and Methods: In this work, a comparison was made of the microsurgical anatomy of the vitreous body of human and animal (pig) eyeballs. During the work, 20 autopsied eyes of cadaveric donors and 20 pig eyeballs were examined in a simulated operating room, wet lab.

Results: A comparative analysis of the results of a study of the microsurgical anatomy of the vitreous body, conducted using a similar method, including the method of macro-microscopic dissection with isolated isolation of the structures of the vitreous body and subsequent examination using light microscopy, revealed a similar anatomical and histological structure of the vitreous body in the pig and human eyes.

Conclusion: The results demonstrate a sufficient similarity in the anatomical structure of the vitreous body in pigs and humans, and therefore, the possibility of using pig eyes as an anatomical model for studying the microsurgical anatomy of the vitreous body and practicing the technique of its macroscopic dissection without the need to use cadaveric donor eyes. The technique demonstrates high visibility, reproducibility, and can be adapted for educational purposes within the framework of training courses in anatomy, histology, and ophthalmology.

Keywords: Vitreous Body; Microsurgical Anatomy; Dissection; Training; Wet Lab

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