EC Gynaecology

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is an iatrogenic complication most commonly encountered during ovarian stimulation in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Its spontaneous occurrence following the aspiration of a molar pregnancy or outside of pregnancy is extremely rare. It manifests as the presence of multiple intra-ovarian follicles with the formation of a third sector. Testing for hypersecretion of glycoprotein hormones (HCG, TSH, FSH and LH) and a mutation in FSH receptors may be necessary to understand the etiology in cases of spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). The most serious complication is the occurrence of thromboembolic events, and healthcare professionals must be aware of this potential complication at the time of diagnosis. Management is purely symptomatic, with close monitoring required for the prevention and management of complications. We report a case of spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome occurring following aspiration of a molar pregnancy in a 26-year-old patient who had not undergone any assisted reproductive technology. Our study highlights the importance of considering spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in both pregnant and non-pregnant women.

Keywords: Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome; Molar Pregnancy; Aspiration

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