EC Gynaecology

Background: Phyllodes tumor (PT) is a rare breast neoplasm that presents a variable biological behavior that ranges from benign to malignant, with cases reported as borderline or borderline, all presentations characterized by rapid growth. They represent 0.3% to 1% of all primary breast tumors and 2.5% of fibroepithelial lesions. They have been described in women of all ages, with the majority of cases observed in women between 35 and 55 years of age with an average age of 45 years.

Clinical Case: A 49-year-old patient who consulted for the recurrence of the appearance of a tumor in the upper external quadrant of the left breast, the same clinical picture presented four years earlier in which surgical excision of the tumor was performed, with a histopathological report of a benign PT, with annual follow-up by means of mammography, with the last report with BI-RADS 3 carried out after the appearance and rapid growth of the tumor of four months of evolution. A preoperative biopsy was performed, with a report of benign PT, for which she underwent surgery, and after the histopathological analysis it was reported as PT with atypical presentation of other benign lesions.

Conclusion: Although most PTs are benign, it is essential to pay careful attention to suspicious clinical and radiological features. More studies on histological features and molecular correlations are needed to reach a more precise presurgical diagnosis. These types of neoplasms develop a low recurrence rate, which may differ between benign, borderline and malignant types; surgical excision with a clear margin is the standard treatment. However, local recurrence may occur after excision. Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy was associated with a significant decrease in the recurrence rate.

 Keywords: Phyllodes Tumor; Breast Tumor; Breast Neoplasia; Fibroadenoma

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