EC Gynaecology

Introduction

It is a disorder defined by the involuntary contraction of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM), which makes vaginal penetration impossible or difficult. With the vigorous contraction of the PFM, there can be trigger points and muscle spasms. The woman with vaginismus enters a cycle characterized by fear, tension, and pain [3]. The best way to diagnose vaginismus is through a gynecological examination. However, since the condition is based on complaints of pain due to muscle tension associated with the fear of penetration or even the gynecological examination itself, and this fear induces an involuntary contraction of the pelvic floor, the examination should be conducted with great care. The female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnaire can also be used as an alternative evaluation option. SPPD becomes a public health issue as it encompasses psychological disorders, affective relationship problems, or cultural influences, leading to quality-of-life issues and requiring multidisciplinary treatment [4]. The etiology is unknown, but considering the symptoms of vaginismus, we associate these involuntary spasms with biopsychosocial factors such as sexual abuse and emotional trauma, as well as issues with lubrication and atrophy due to cancer treatment [7].

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