EC Gynaecology

Case Report Volume 14 Issue 5 - 2025

Juvenile Granulosa Cell Tumors in Pregnancy: Clinical Course and Feto-Maternal Outcomes of Two Cases with Overview of Literature

Abdeladim Ayadine*, Rachid Ait Bouhou, Abdelhamid Benlghazi, Abdellah Babahabib and Jaouad Kouach

Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics, Mohammed V Military University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco

*Corresponding Author: Abdeladim Ayadine, Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics, Mohammed V Military University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Received: April 20, 2025; Published: May 08, 2025



JGCT is an extremely rare entity that mainly occurs in the first 2 or 3 decades of life. Since they tend to be seen at an early age, they may seldom coincide with pregnancy. The incidence of this association remains very low, actually less than 10 cases of JGCT have been reported during pregnancy.

The lack of data on maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by ovarian JGCT calls for more clinical studies in order to determine optimal management strategies balancing between oncologic prognosis, fetal well-being and fertility conservation in these young patients. In this aim, we here report the outcomes of two pregnancies complicated by JGCT managed in our department.

 Keywords: Juvenile Granulosa Cell Tumor; Pregnancy; Fertility Sparring Surgery; Prognosis

  1. Young RH., et al. “Juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: a clinicopathological analysis of 125 cases”. American Journal of Surgical Pathology 8 (1984): 575-596.
  2. Zaloudek C and H J Norris. “Granulosa tumors of the ovary in children: a clinical and pathologic study of 32 cases”. American Journal of Surgical Pathology 6 (1982): 503-512.
  3. Schumer ST and Stephen A Cannistra. “Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary”. Journal of Clinical Oncology 6 (2003): 1180-1189.
  4. Segal R., et al. “Clinical review of adult granulosa cell tumors of the ovary”. Gynecologic Oncology3 (1995): 338-344.
  5. Colombo N., et al. “Cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin combination chemotherapy in metastatic granulosa cell tumor of the ovary”. Obstetrics and Gynecology 2 (1986): 265-268.
  6. Powell JL., et al. “Management of recurrent juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary”. Gynecologic Oncology1 (2001): 113-116.
  7. Blake EA., et al. “Feto-maternal outcomes of pregnancy complicated by ovarian sex-cord stromal tumor: a systematic review of literature”. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 175 (2014): 1-7.
  8. Hasiakos D., et al. “Juvenile granulosa cell tumor associated with pregnancy: Report of a case and review of the literature”. Gynecologic Oncology2 (2006): 426-429.
  9. Zhao D., et al. “Outcomes of fertility-sparing surgery in ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumor”. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer 4 (2019): 787-791.
  10. Wu H., et al. “Juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: a clinicopathologic study”. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology 1 (2017): 138-143.
  11. Koksal Y., et al. “Galactorrhea-associated granulosa cell tumor in a child”. Pediatric Hematology and Oncology 2 (2004): 101-106.
  12. Uygun K., et al. “Clinical parameters and treatment results in recurrent granulosa cell tumor of the ovary”. Gynecologic Oncology 3 (2003): 400-403.
  13. Dgani R., et al. “Ovarian carcinoma during pregnancy: a study of 23 cases in Israel between the years 1960-1984”. Gynecologic Oncology 3 (1989): 326-331.
  14. Rusterholz KR and William MacDonald. “An unusual case of juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary”. Radiology Case Reports 1 (2016): 178.
  15. Gavin C and Lesa M Dawson. “Update on granulosa cell tumors of the ovary”. Gynecologic Oncology 1 (2003): 33-37.
  16. Sherard GB., et al. “Adnexal masses and pregnancy: a 12-year experience”. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2 (2003): 358-362.
  17. Mom CH., et al. “Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary: the clinical value of serum inhibin A and B levels in a large single center cohort”. Gynecologic Oncology 2 (2007): 365-372.
  18. Nishida M., et al. “Juvenile granulosa cell tumor in association with a high serum inhibin level”. Gynecologic Oncology 1 (1991): 90-94.
  19. Karalok A., et al. “Juvenile granulosa cell ovarian tumor: clinicopathological evaluation of ten patients”. Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association 1 (2015): 32-34.
  20. Powell JL and C N Otis. “Management of advanced juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary”. Gynecologic Oncology 2 (1997): 282-284.
  21. Vassal G., et al. “Juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary in children: a clinical study of 15 cases”. Journal of Clinical Oncology 6 (1988): 990-995.
  22. John L Powell., et al. “Fertility-sparing surgery for advanced juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary”. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology 4 (2014): e89-e92.
  23. Brown J., et al. “Patterns of metastasis in sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary: can routine staging lymphadenectomy be omitted?”. Gynecologic Oncology 1 (2009): 86-90.
  24. Ray CoquardI., et al. “Non epithelial ovarian cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up”. Annals of Oncology 4 (2018): iv1-iv18.
  25. Calaminus G., et al. “Juvenile granulosa cell tumors of the ovary in children and adolescents: results from 33 patients registered in a prospective cooperative study”. Gynecologic Oncology 3 (1997): 447-452.
  26. Hirakawa M., et al. “Recurrent juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary managed by palliative radiotherapy”. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer 5 (2008): 913-915.
  27. Timmermans M., et al. “Interval between debulking surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with overall survival in patients with advanced ovarian cancer”. Gynecologic Oncology 3 (2018): 446-450.
  28. Behtash N., et al. “Ovarian carcinoma associated with pregnancy: A clinicopathologic analysis of 23 cases and review of the literature”. BMC Pregnancy and Child Birth 8 (2008): 3.
  29. Choan E., et al. “Palliative radiotherapy for recurrent granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: a report of 3 cases with radiological evidence of response”. Gynecologic Oncology 2 (2006): 406-410.

Abdeladim Ayadine., et al. "Juvenile Granulosa Cell Tumors in Pregnancy: Clinical Course and Feto-Maternal Outcomes of Two Cases with Overview of Literature". EC Gynaecology 14.5 (2025): 01-08.