EC Gynaecology

Introduction: Vulvar cancers are among the least common cancers in our department with a number that has continued to grow over the years and a rejuvenation of the affected population. The objective of our study was to contribute to the improvement of vulvar cancers management by describing the epidemiological, clinical and histological profiles of patients with vulvar cancer.

Materials and Methods: This is an 11-years descriptive retrospective study from January 2009 to December 2019 involving a series of 33 patients treated in the gynecological-obstetrics department 2 of the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez.

Result: The average age of our patients was 63 years with extremes of 25 - 85 years. 27 women (81.8%) were postmenopausal and 25 (75.8%) were multiparous. Symptomatology was dominated by pruritus in 29 cases (88%) and vulvar swelling in 17 cases (51.5%). The most common clinical aspects were ulcero-budding forms in 21 patients (63.6%) followed by 8 budding forms (24%). There were 22 cases (66.7%) of multifocal involvement. The vulvar biopsy found 27 cases (82%) of squamous cell carcinomas. Surgery was performed on 28 patients (84.8%) including 22 total vulvectomies (78.6%). Radiotherapy was indicated exclusively or concomitantly with chemotherapy. The evolution was marked post-operative by the predominance of sutures release in 8 patients (30%) followed by 4 deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs (14.2%) and 3 lymphedema (11%).

Conclusion: Invasive vulvar cancers are often of poor prognosis because their diagnosis is most often at a locally advanced stage. Management must take into account the clinical stage of the tumor, its histological type and the general condition of the patients in order to minimize the functional and psychological consequences of the surgery, which remains very mutilating.

 Keywords: Vulvar Cancer; Management; CHU HASSAN II; Fez; Morocco

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