EC Gynaecology

Anaemia is a prevalent and multifaceted complication affecting women globally, particularly those with cancer and comorbid conditions. This article synthesizes existing evidence, outlines emerging trends, and identifies future research directions regarding the intersection of anaemia in women with cancer and associated comorbidities. Anaemia's impact on women's health is substantial, contributing to fatigue, impaired cognitive function, and increased mortality risk, especially during pregnancy and cancer treatment. The prevalence and incidence of anaemia among female cancer patients vary across cancer types and disease stages. Breast cancer and gynecological cancers exhibit significant rates of anaemia, influenced by disease progression and treatment modalities such as chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression. Hematologic malignancies further exacerbate anaemia due to their direct impact on blood cell production. Anaemia frequently coexists with comorbid conditions like chronic kidney disease, inflammatory disorders, and gastrointestinal diseases, sharing common risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms such as iron deficiency and impaired erythropoietin response. This interplay complicates clinical management and underscores the importance of understanding underlying disease interactions. Effective management of anaemia in women with cancer and comorbidities necessitates a comprehensive approach. Diagnostic assessments encompass laboratory investigations to identify underlying causes, including iron studies and inflammatory markers. Treatment strategies range from iron supplementation and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents to supportive care interventions tailored to individual patient needs. Future research directions aim to elucidate novel biomarkers, refine therapeutic interventions targeting erythropoiesis and iron metabolism, and evaluate longitudinal outcomes to inform evidence-based guidelines. Embracing interdisciplinary collaboration and leveraging precision medicine approaches will optimize anemia management and improve quality of life for affected women.

Keywords: Anaemia Management; Women; Cancer; Comorbid Conditions

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