EC Gastroenterology and Digestive System

Background: Hepatitis A is a significant public health concern, particularly in areas with compromised sanitation, such as conflict zones. This study investigates the prevalence, clinical presentation, and management of Hepatitis A among children in the Nasser Medical Complex, Gaza Strip, during the Israeli-Gaza war. The research aims to highlight the impact of the war on the spread of the infection and the health outcomes in the pediatric population.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 350 children diagnosed with Hepatitis A. Data on demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, and laboratory findings were collected. Management strategies were documented, focusing on supportive care, symptomatic treatment, and regular monitoring of liver function. Statistical analyses were performed to assess correlations between clinical features and laboratory results.

Results: The study population consisted of 190 males (54.3%) and 160 females (45.7%), with the majority (40%) aged 6 - 10 years. A significant portion (60%) had a history of contact with an infected individual. Common symptoms included jaundice (100%), dark urine (91.4%), fatigue (85.7%), and abdominal pain (78.6%). Laboratory findings revealed elevated ALT (mean 1700 U/L), AST (mean 1200 U/L), and total bilirubin (mean 8 mg/dL). Statistical analysis showed a positive correlation between elevated ALT and total bilirubin levels (r = 0.65, p < 0.01). Management focused on hydration, nutritional support, and symptomatic treatment, with regular monitoring of liver function. Most children responded well to treatment, with no reported cases of severe complications.

Conclusion: The study highlights a high prevalence of Hepatitis A among children in a conflict-affected region, with significant correlations between contact history and symptom severity. The findings underscore the importance of preventive measures, public health education, and effective management strategies to control the spread of Hepatitis A in vulnerable populations, particularly during times of conflict.

 Keywords: Hepatitis A; Children; Gaza Strip; Conflict Zone; Public Health

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