EC Gastroenterology and Digestive System

Introduction: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, recurrent disease of the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) of unclear etiology, characterized by transmural, segmental, granulomatous inflammation with the development of local and systemic complications. In a number of diseases, for example, Crohn's disease, the presence of changes in the patient's organs and tissues of the oral cavity makes a certain contribution to their diagnosis.

Aim: The aim is to investigate the motor function of the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract and identify damage to the oral mucosa in Crohn's disease.

Materials and Methods: The study included 30 CD patients, 15 women aged 43 ± 10.7 years, 15 men aged 38.5 ± 13.4 years, who made up group 1. The main manifestations of CD were the presence of abdominal pain, frequent - up to 15 times a day - stools with blood, changes in the condition of the oral cavity organs. The comparison group consisted of 15 patients suffering from functional dyspepsia.

Results: In CD with lesions of the oral cavity, there is an increase in both phase and tonic contractile activity of all muscle layers of the stomach with a slight increase in propulsive activity, in CD with lesions of the oral cavity, there is a decrease in both phase and tonic contractile activity of all muscle layers of the small intestine with a slight increase in propulsive activity. in CD with the presence of pathology of the oral cavity organs, contractions of the circular muscles of the left and right parts of the colon are sharply reduced with an increase in the motor activity of the longitudinal muscles, which ensures the rapid passage of contents through the colon as a whole.

Conclusion: In the system of relationships between a gastroenterologist and other specialists, the aspects of their interaction with a dentist are the least studied. This is due to the mutual underestimation of changes on the part of organs and tissues of the oral cavity in various diseases of internal organs and under the influence of drug therapy of these diseases. The presence of certain changes on the part of the organs and tissues of the oral cavity and the appropriate dental advice can help the gastroenterologist in the diagnosis and adequate treatment of the patient.

 Keywords: Crohn's Disease; Dental Manifestations; Disorders of the Motor Function of the Gastrointestinal Tract

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