EC Dental Science

Background: Necrotic substances such as microbes, and organic and inorganic elements make up the smear layer, and this layer lining the root canal walls and holes of the dentinal tubules. It creates a barrier that restricts intracanal medications and sealant from entering the dentinal tubules effectively.

Aim of the Study: The aim of the present study was to compare the anti -inflammatory and the anti-microbial effect of the Matricaria chamomilla Fam. Asteraceae and the Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Fam. Leguminosae.

Methodology: From October 2020 through May 2022, this study was conducted in vitro in Saudi Arabia. 5% marginal error accuracy with a 95% confidence level can be attained with the smallest sample size. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to inspect and take pictures of five samples from each group. After being gold sputter-coated, each specimen was analyzed under a 30 kV scanning electron microscope. Using a 2000X magnification, the root canal of each specimen was studied at the coronal, intermediate, and apical levels. Using image analysis software SPSS 27, which was utilized for data entry and analysis, the images were evaluated subjectively for the level of cleanliness and the existence or absence of the smear layer.

Results: Total extract, the fractions of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol were synthesized for an anti-inflammatory activity test and an anti-microbial test against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis bacteria, and the results are shown as follows: Regarding the anti-inflammatory results: Comparison between the two herbal extracts Fenugreek showed higher mean edema thickness with chloroform F1 (10.16 ± 0.16), total extract F2 (9.32 ± 0.24), ethyl acetate F3 (8.28 ± 0.19), n-butanol F4 (7.31 ± 0.25) and petroleum ether F5 (10.31 ± 0.15), while chamomile showed lower mean edema thickness with chloroform F1 (8.28 ± 0.54), total extract F2 (6.28 ± 0.35), ethyl acetate F3 (5.62 ± 0.35), n-butanol F4 (6.46 ± 0.24) and petroleum ether F5 (8.15 ± 0.14). On comparing the results, Fenugreek showed statistically significantly higher mean edema thickness than chamomile.

The mean values of edema thickness of control and Indomethacin were (10.19 ± 0.39), (7.25 ± 0.13) respectively for the Fenugreek and (10.21 ± 0.40), (7.25 ± 0.13) respectively for the chamomile. There was no statistically significant difference between the two herbal extracts.

Conclusion: The study concluded under the limitations of this investigation the following conclusions could be drawn we can use the total extract of Matricaria chamomilla L. and ethyl acetate of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. fractions as irrigants during the root canal treatment for their anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effects and benefits.

Keywords: Anti-Inflammatory; Anti-Microbial Effect; Root Canal Irrigants

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