EC Clinical and Medical Case Reports

Introduction: Heart disease is one of the most prevalent medical conditions during pregnancy. Significant hemodynamic changes brought on by pregnancy raise the risk of thrombo-embolic events and may worsen valvular heart disease. A significant contributor to maternal mortality and accounting for about a quarter of the cardiac conditions complicating pregnancy, valvular heart disease presents various therapeutic issues. About 1% of pregnancies are affected with valvular heart disease (VHD), and 13% encounter heart failure (HF), considerably raising the risk for both the mother and the fetus. The type and severity of the underlying VHD affect the risk of complications. Moreover, pregnancy is a hypercoagulable condition linked to a higher risk of thromboembolism.

Aim of the Study: The aim of this review is to understand the diagnosis and management of pregnant women with valvular heart diseases and heart failure.

Methodology: The review is the comprehensive research of PUBMED from 1990 to 2021.

Conclusion: In developing nations, rheumatic diseases and deadly pregnancy complications are frequently encountered. The combined skills of cardiologists, obstetricians, and anaesthesiologists during pregnancy are beneficial to pregnant women experiencing the aftereffects of rheumatic fever as well as other valvular diseases. Pregnancy can also result in the discovery of a previously undiagnosed disease, and giving birth offers the chance to ensure continuity of postnatal care with an emphasis on preventative therapy and contraception.

Keywords: Pregnancy; Valvular Heart Diseases; Heart Failure Mitral Stenosis; Aortic Stenosis; Anticoagulation

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