EC Clinical and Medical Case Reports

In medical biophysics, we are dealing with the physical and biophysical principles of biomedical methods and devices and their interactions with the human body which makes them useful in health care, including patient and user safety aspects and healthcare quality issues. Electrography combines such important diagnostic methods of recording the electrical activity of organs and tissues as follows: electrocardiography (ECG) which is used to study the electrical activity of human hearts; electroencephalography (EEG) which is used to study the electrical activity of human brain; electromyography (EMG) which is used to study the electrical activity of human muscles, etc. Here, our main focus will be on (a) a brief history of the emergence of the ECG method first studied by Waller in 1887 and then intensively continued by Einthoven during 1896 - 1903 (Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1924), as well as on (b) the medical and biophysical foundations of the ECG method based on recording of electrical potential changes in the heart due to passage of an electrical impulse during the cardiocycle [1-3].

Keywords: Electrocardiography; Current Dipole; Electric Heart Generator; Electric Potential

1. Medical and Biological Physics. Textbook for students of higher medical universities, Edited by Prof. Alexander V. Chalyi, 4^th edition, Nova Knyga, Vinnytsia (2020).
2. AV Chalyi and NL Gritsenko. “Union of Physics and Medicine (to the 80^th anniversary of the award of the Nobel Prize to W. Einthoven)”. Physics and Astronomy at School 5 (2005): 51-53.
3. AV Chalyi and NL Gritsenko. “The historical path of the development of electrocardiography -one of the most important methods for diagnosing heart diseases (to the 80^th anniversary of the award of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to W. Einthoven)”. Proceedings of the 1^st Ukrainian Scientific Conference “Problems of Biological and Medical Physics”. Kharkiv, V.M. Karazin National State University (2004): 131.
4. J Eccles., et al. “Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1963-1970”. Elsevier Publishing Company (1972).