EC Clinical and Medical Case Reports

Current available evidence is equivocal on the effectiveness of anti-fungal prophylaxis against development of invasive fungal infections in lung transplant recipients. We present the case of a lung transplant recipient with breakthrough invasive pulmonary Aspergillus infection despite being on targeted anti-fungal prophylaxis with isavuconazole in the setting of augmentation of immunosuppression for acute cellular rejection. Breakthrough invasive fungal infections are important to recognize as they are associated with significant morbidity and mortality risk. To our knowledge, our case is among the handful reports of breakthrough invasive Aspergillus infection in the lung transplant population while on isavuconazole, antifungal prophylaxis.

Keywords: Case Report; Lung Transplant; Pulmonary Aspergillosis; Breakthrough Invasive Fungal Infections (b-IFI); Isavuconazole

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