EC Clinical and Medical Case Reports

Literature Review Volume 7 Issue 1 - 2024

A Literature Review of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy as a Treatment Modality for Morton’s Neuroma

Nour Asser Makarem*, Darryl Pisani, Kirill Micallef Stafrace and Tiziana Mifsud

Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia

*Corresponding Author: Nour Asser Makarem, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia.
Received: January 04, 2024; Published: January 17, 2024



Morton’s neuroma (MN) is a relatively common cause of chronic forefoot pain with a prevalence of around 30 - 33% [1]. Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) is a non-invasive minimal risk treatment option for patients experiencing chronic musculoskeletal pain. This paper highlights the current literature investigating the efficacy of ESWT as a treatment option for MN. Concisely stated, there are currently not enough high-quality studies to make an evidence-based claim that ESWT is an effective treatment modality for MN.

 Keywords: Morton’s Neuroma (MN); Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT); Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain

  1. Lee Jung., et al. "Morton neuroma: Evaluated with ultrasonography and MR imaging”. Korean Journal of Radiology2 (2007): 148-155.
  2. F Di Caprio., et al. “Morton’s interdigital neuroma of the foot”. Foot and Ankle Surgery2 (2018): 92-98.
  3. R Latinovic. “Incidence of common compressive neuropathies in primary care”. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry2 (2006): 263-265.
  4. N Gougoulias., et al. “Morton’s interdigital neuroma: instructional review”. EFORT Open Reviews1 (2019): 14-24.
  5. M Delius. “Medical applications and bioeffects of extracorporeal shock waves”. Shock Waves2 (1994): 55-72.
  6. MB Mollica. “Morton’s neuroma: Getting patients back on track”. The Physician and Sports Medicine5 (1997): 76-82.
  7. JD Mulder. “The causative mechanism in Morton’s metatarsalgia”. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume 33-B.1 (1951): 94-95.
  8. MA Fazal., et al. “Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of Morton’s neuroma”. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association3 (2012): 184-186.
  9. MT Van Holsbeeck and JH Introcaso. “Musculoskeletal ultrasound”. Mosby, St. Louis, Mo, 2nd edition (2001).
  10. KB Fields. “Evaluation and diagnosis of common causes of forefoot pain in adults”. UpToDate (2022).
  11. P Pastides., et al. “Morton’s neuroma: A clinical versus radiological diagnosis”. Foot and Ankle Surgery: Official Journal of the European Society of Foot and Ankle Surgeons1 (2012): 22-24.
  12. J Bencardino., et al. “Morton’s neuroma: is it always symptomatic?” American Journal of Roentgenology 175.3 (2000): 649-653.
  13. BG Matthews., et al. “The effectiveness of non-surgical interventions for common plantar digital compressive neuropathy (Morton’s neuroma): a systematic review and meta-analysis”. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research1 (2019): 12.
  14. B Chung and JP Wiley. “Extracorporeal shockwave therapy: A review”. Sports Medicine13 (2002): 851-865.
  15. T Nazim., et al. “Extracorporeal shockwave therapy for foot and ankle disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis”. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association3 (2022): 18-191.
  16. R Fridman., et al. “Extracorporeal shockwave therapy for interdigital neuroma”. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association3 (2009): 191-193.
  17. H Seok., et al. “Extracorporeal shockwave therapy in patients with Morton’s neuroma”. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association2 (2016): 93-99.
  18. L Thomson., et al. “Non-surgical treatments for Morton’s neuroma: A systematic review”. Foot and Ankle Surgery7 (2020): 736-743.
  19. Bhatia Maneesh and Lauren Thomson. "Morton’s neuroma - Current concepts review”. Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma 3 (2020): 406-409.
  20. Lu Victor M., et al. "Treating Morton’s neuroma by injection, neurolysis, or neurectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of pain and satisfaction outcomes”. Acta Neurochirurgica2 (2021): 531-543.
  21. Pérez-Domínguez Borja and Jose Casaña-Granell. "The effects of a combined physical therapy approach on Morton’s neuroma. An N-of-1 case report”. The Foot 44 (2020): 101684.
  22. Ettehadi H., et al. "First webspace Morton's neuroma case report with literature review”. The Foot 45 (2020): 101723.
  23. Masaragian Héctor J., et al. "Minimally invasive neurectomy for Morton’s neuroma with interdigital approach. Long term results”. The Foot 47 (2021): 101808.
  24. Z Arshad., et al. “A systematic review of the management of multiple adjacent Morton’s neuromas in the same foot”. Foot and Ankle Orthopaedics1 (2022): 2473011421S0008.
  25. Tejaswi Vasa Swathi Sri. “A literature review on physical therapy in Morton’s neuroma”. Indian Journal of Natural Sciences77 (2023): 53739-53743.

Nour Asser Makarem., et al. "A Literature Review of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy as a Treatment Modality for Morton’s Neuroma." EC Clinical and Medical Case Reports   7.1 (2024): 01-06.