EC Agriculture

This paper analyses the present status of livestock feeds and fodder in Bangladesh, maps their availability and seasonal variability, and identifies the main technical, institutional, and market challenges that constrain feed security and livestock productivity. It also outlines a practical way forward and policy directions that can strengthen feed supply chains, improve nutritional quality, and make feeding systems more climate-resilient and economically viable for farmers. Primary data were collected through a prescribed questionnaire, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), and consultations with relevant stakeholders, government departments, research institutes, and universities. Secondary data were collected from published reports, policy documents, and research reports. The analysis showed that the availability of feeds and fodder in terms of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and metabolizable energy (ME) was 49.51 million metric tons, 4.26 million metric tons, and 364.47 million megajoules (MMJ), respectively, against requirements of 89.21 million metric tons of DM, 11.34 million metric tons of CP, and 972.55 MMJ of ME. The study revealed negative balances of DM, CP, and ME for livestock. The current production capacity of the commercial feed industry, estimated at 6.55 million metric tons, can meet 84.33% of the present total requirement. Considering the existing growth of the poultry, cattle, and aquaculture industries, the projected annual compound feed requirement in 2030-31 will be 11.19 million metric tons, which could be met by only 58.49% of the present production capacity, indicating substantial future potential for the commercial feed industry. The major reason for the shortage of fodder production is the limited availability of land and seasonal fluctuations. Although farmers grow fodder and sell it in the market, they are usually reluctant to preserve it as either silage or hay. Therefore, the way forward should include promoting fodder cultivation alongside food crops to minimize land use; improving farmers' access to quality fodder seeds; providing training on fodder cultivation and feeding techniques; formulating policies to facilitate the use of khas land and river basins for fodder production; encouraging entrepreneurship in fodder processing, preservation, and marketing; and improving technology dissemination systems for livestock development. In addition, a strategic framework is needed to address the challenges and ensure optimum livestock productivity in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Livestock Feeds; Fodder; Feeding System; Availability; Challenges; Way Forward

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