EC Agriculture

Agrivoltaics is an emerging approach that integrates photovoltaic (PV) energy generation with agricultural production on the same land, offering opportunities to address challenges related to renewable energy, food production, water use, and climate resilience. This review examines the strategic development of health-farm agrivoltaics as a multifunctional agricultural system that supports the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It emphasizes interactions among PV system configuration, crop performance, microclimatic conditions, soil health, water-use efficiency, and land-use productivity. Key design and performance indicators, including land equivalent ratio, PV ground coverage ratio, shading factor, panel height and density, photosynthetically active radiation, crop yield stability, and economic feasibility, are considered when evaluating agrivoltaic systems. The review also discusses how well-managed shading can modify crop growing conditions and influence plant physiological responses, including antioxidant and secondary-metabolite production. Agrivoltaics may also improve resource-use efficiency while generating renewable electricity and maintaining agricultural productivity. Integrating these functions within a health-oriented farming framework could strengthen links among sustainable agriculture, clean energy, environmental conservation, and human well-being. Overall, the review highlights agrivoltaics as a promising pathway for integrated land management and sustainable agricultural development, while identifying the need for site-specific system design, crop selection, economic assessment, and long-term field evaluation.

Keywords: Regenerative Agrivoltaics; Flavonoids; Medicinal Plants; Molecular Docking; DNA Binding; Climatic Environment; UN SDGs

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